A detailed January 2017 article in Bed Times magazine highlighted the mattress extended producer responsibility (EPR) programs in Connecticut, California, and Rhode Island. Since starting in 2015 and 2016, the Mattress Recycling Council (MRC), the nonprofit organization which manages mattress EPR programs created by laws in each state, has recycled more than 1 million mattresses in total from the three states. Bed Times quoted Mike O'Donnell, managing director of MRC saying, "We expect the number coming from retailers and similar sources will increase over time and the numbers at drop-off locations to decrease as people get rid of their 'legacy mattresses' (those sitting in people's basements and garages). We'd prefer to have retailers and other sources intercept mattresses before they enter the solid-waste stream because they tend to be cleaner and in better condition, allowing recyclers to recycle more of the components." Residents of these states can drop-off used mattresses at participating collection sites, collection events and recycling facilities free of charge, funded by the $9-$11 recycling fee (depending on the state) that consumers pay when they buy a new mattress or box spring. The fee provides for collection, transportation, recycling, and outreach costs of the MRC programs.